POLIANTHES TUBEROSE
Tuberose has neither any relationship to the roses, although the name suggests it. This flower is primarily known for its flavor, for which he was, like all of perfumers.
Tuberose or Polianthes tuber came into the culture of Aztec Mexico. Locals call the plant ivory flower. But it is not only the name of the beautiful tuberose. In many languages, the name of this flower is underscored by its aroma, especially at night.
In Europe, the flower came only in the 17th century and has won a place of honor in the garden of Versailles, Louis XIV. Then tuberose spread to the rest of Europe. In areas where the climate does not allow the plant to maintain an open ground, it landed in the winter garden.
In the city of Grasse, until recently, produced up to 20 tons of oil tuberose, and when you consider that one liter is made of tons of tuberose blossoms, one can imagine a giant plantation plants covering the soil around the capital of the world of perfume.
Tuberose, or Polianthes (Polyanthus) family Amaryllidaceous - undeservedly forgotten flower enjoyed earlier in Russia were very popular and used for distillation, and in southern regions - for growing and wintering in the open.
Rhode Polianthes includes 13 species, native to Mexico and the island of Trinidad, so low temperature affected tuberose.
Tuberose - herbaceous perennial tuber bulbous plant with erect leafy stems and broadly linear leaves. Its flowers with thick wax-like petals are collected in inflorescence brush, fruit - capsule. Propagated tuberose tubers and often the children, at least - the seeds. It can be propagated by cuttings and - shoots that grew from lateral buds tuber.
Tuberose is beloved by perfumers and growers. In our country, growing of this plant is difficult climate. It was therefore decided in areas where the climate is more detrimental to this capricious plants grow tuberose in two stages.
The first stage is planting flowers in pots. This is done in January - March, depending on the entire same climate. The longer the winter, the earlier the bulb should be planted in pots. In this case, the neck should not get out of the soil mix 1 cm above the first time to extend a sunny day, you need to keep potted plants under artificial lights.
In May, after reducing the risk of frost, the plants are planted in the open ground. Before this flower treated with a solution or similar floral kornevina stimulants. In the south, tuberose can be planted directly in the open ground, but at first kept under wrap.
Water the flower in the dry climate of 3 times a week, but the overflow is not desirable. To the rapid flowering of tuberose to use feed for flowering plants. This is done 3-4 times per season. With an excess of nitrogen in fertilizers can occur lodging of plants, and the attack of pests (mites, slugs, etc.).
20-25 days after the start of flowering stalk. This process is accompanied by a strong odor. But because of the capriciousness of the flower and tuberose climate center band is not always in bloom. If it does not need to dig up the plant and put in a pot. At home, 80% of the plants constitute the buds and give the beauty of its bloom.
Tuberose bulbs before the frost to dig and wash treated with special disinfectant solution. After which they were dried and placed into the box, and covered with sawdust. Keep a box with bulbs need at 12-18 degrees.
Can reproduce tuberose corms, less seeds and layering.
In our country, many growers grow tuberose flower as a room. Once a year, a half-meter plant gives its owners hand fragrant flowers. But we must remember that in a locked room tuberose fragrance can cause headaches.
Tuberose blossoms decorate any flower bed. This plant will look great in a container garden. Neighbor can be a tuberose jasmine bush. These two flavors have long been considered the benchmark in perfumery. If the background of tuberose jasmine plant, you can get not only the well-known combination of flavors, but also a visual representation of this combination.
Tuberose tuber or tuber Polianthes (P. tuberosa) is used for distillation, planting winter gardens, as well as for ground planting in flowerbeds and around the lawn, in containers. Tuberose has a bulbous, brown film-coated bulbs, which form an abundance of kids. Suitable for flowering and forcing tuberose tubers must be large (more than 2 cm in diameter) and have a high (not flat) shape. Slender stalk of tuberose tuber grows up to 30 cm bright green leaves width of 1.5 cm and a length of up to half a meter. Its very fragrant, located on a high spike pairs flowers (up to 6 cm in diameter) are collected in a loose spike-like inflorescences. Original form of tuberose has white flowers, from selection were obtained form with double cream, pink, lilac, purple flowers. The intensity of the aroma of tuberose flowers varies throughout the day. Number of flowers (about 30 or more) depending on the size of the tuber characteristics of the landing and Machinery. The flowers bloom in the inflorescence upwards and each flower stores decorative and fragrance 3-4 days. Inflorescence generally decorative 3 weeks, and it's worth the vase life of up to 2 weeks.
Corms and kids tuberose planted in open ground (on average - to a depth of 2-3 cm, kids - smaller) in May, and in the southern regions, and at film shelters - earlier in April. For planting of tuberose desirable well-drained, fertile soil. Kids plant the tubers are separated from adults. When planting the tubers do not place too often (at least 5 cm between rows in furrows 15 cm or more), because each tuber (and the baby as well) will give many children. Time emergence of tuberose (usually a month) depending on temperature and soil moisture; decomposition of soil organic matter (manure, straw, etc.) to produce heat faster germination. For early spring planting in pots tuberose tubers can germinate in March in a warm place (25 degrees), placing them in damp moss. Pots filled with substrate (turf, greenhouse soil, humus, sand in equal parts) and put the sprouted tubers, grown in open ground plants are transplanted after the spring frosts. During the season, tuberose fed 3-4 times, excess nitrogen causes stretching and lodging of plants, provoking the emergence of pests (mites, slugs, etc.) and diseases.
Flowering early adult tubers planted tuberose starts in July, and later planted - held in August-September (in warm climates bloom continues in October), after flowering tuberose is not watered. Some good kids who grew up in a season of tuberose can also bloom in the year of planting. Digging with their root balls and place in a pot, a chance to get tuberose flowers in the conservatory in December and January.
Outdoors tubers usually mature in late September, and their dug in October (after the first major frost.) With prolonged cold snap with temperatures below -2 degrees Celsius tuberose tubers can vymerznut.
Excavated plants dried at a high temperature (about 40 degrees), with ventilation. Then, the dry leaves are cut, leaving a "stub" of about 2 cm, the roots are cut to 0.5 cm Babe is not separated from the mother tuber, that it is not dried out during storage. Finally dried and stored in the autumn planting of tuberose at room temperature, then pour it in dry sand and clean up in the spring cool, dry place with a temperature of 10 degrees. In areas with mild climate tuberose tuber good winters in the open field.
Tuberose varieties, or broad-Polianthes (P. platyphillus) has broad glossy leaves and drooping single flowers (3 cm) with a weak odor. Blossoms in the second half of April for a month.
Fashion at the flowers capricious and changeable, it often goes in a circle. In the XIX century, tuberose were loved and popular. Interest in this almost forgotten color returns.
Tuberose, or Polianthes tuber (Polyanthus tuberosa), from the family Amaryllidaceous are from Central America. Plant heat-loving, open field only winters in the south. In our area corms before frosts to dig and store in a dry, cool place (temperature 15-20 °).
From planting to flowering tuberose is 5-6 months, and in the maturation of follicles takes time, so start to germinate in the room early in February. And it is better not to do it in the light, but, for example, in a box with moistened moss at 25 °. Once the roots and shoots of hatch, plant bulbs in pots full of light fertile soil. In this case, in any case not sleep tops bulbs.
When the shoots reached 2-3 cm, expose pots on a sunny windowsill. At first, watered sparingly and only warm water when tuberose large leaves begin to unfold, irrigation increases. Before June pots hold in the greenhouse, and with the onset of heat stable stand them in the garden.
I tried to plant pots of tuberose in soil in full sun - they transplant well tolerated. In the flower garden plants effectively in small groups in the middle ground. Generally, flower arrows do not need support, it's not gladioli, which under the weight of large inflorescence stems bend. Tuberose courtliness planting to a depth of 2-3 cm pretty tight (5 × 10 cm).
Nevertheless, the main landing tuberose in my pots, since the cold weather they are easy to place in the greenhouse. Do not forget that this is an extremely heat-loving plant, and is very sensitive to cool. In the summer I watch that the edges of bulbs was not kids. If they just do not break down, it will stop at the flower shoot growth, flowering and effort is not enough.
Fertilize once a month tuberose mullein, it promotes good flowering. But it so happens that sometimes forget to water and weed the plants, and they are-though henna, grow and blossom gently itself in July and August. By the way, no attacks of pests and diseases, these flowers are not exposed. This flexibility allows the culture to grow it, even those who appear only in the country for the weekend.
Blooming in the ground can be very long - up to a month. When on long stems (80-100 cm) the buds begin to expand, turn white, and disclosed, I have a holiday. I can spend hours admiring delicate snow-white double flowers, breathing in their mouthwatering wonderful aroma. Each flower - like a small masterpiece of porcelain. The largest in the direction - lower - up to 4 inches in diameter.
All potted tuberose cut on bouquets and give to friends; they are more than two weeks.
Usually dig bulbs before the first frost. By this time, the leaves are already dry up. First planting material was dried at room temperature, before placing the deposit withstand a few days at the stove at 40-45 °.
